29
2023
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03
澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)采(Cai)收(Shou)加(Jia)工(Gong)技(Ji)术(Shu)
作(Zuo)者(Zhe):(?)
一(Yi)、(?)澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)的(De)采(Cai)收(Shou)
1.采(Cai)收(Shou)适(Shi)期(Qi)
澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)适(Shi)时(Shi)的(De)采(Cai)收(Shou)期(Qi)是(Shi)一(Yi)个(Ge)很(Hen)重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)生(Sheng)产(Chan)技(Ji)术(Shu)环(Huan)节(Jie),(?)采(Cai)收(Shou)过(Guo)早(Zao)种(Zhong)仁(Ren)会(Hui)不(Bu)饱(Bao)满(Man),(?)出(Chu)仁(Ren)率(Lu)低(Di),(?)果(Guo)皮(Pi)不(Bu)易(Yi)剥(Bao)离(Li),(?)且(Qie)不(Bu)耐(Nai)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang);(?)采(Cai)收(Shou)过(Guo)晚(Wan),(?)则(Ze)果(Guo)实(Shi)落(Luo)留(Liu)地(Di)面(Mian)时(Shi)间(Jian)过(Guo)长(Chang),(?)会(Hui)增(Zeng)加(Jia)受(Shou)霉(Mei)菌(Jun)感(Gan)染(Ran)的(De)机(Ji)会(Hui),(?)导(Dao)致(Zhi)果(Guo)实(Shi)品(Pin)质(Zhi)下(Xia)降(Jiang)。(?)采(Cai)收(Shou)宜(Yi)选(Xuan)择(Ze)在(Zai)晴(Qing)天(Tian)((?)阴(Yin)雨(Yu)天(Tian)或(Huo)雨(Yu)后(Hou)初(Chu)晴(Qing)都(Du)不(Bu)适(Shi)宜(Yi)采(Cai)收(Shou))(?),(?)以(Yi)提(Ti)高(Gao)果(Guo)子(Zi)的(De)质(Zhi)量(Liang)及(Ji)其(Qi)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)性(Xing)。(?)
夏(Xia)威(Wei)夷(Yi)果(Guo)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)期(Qi)一(Yi)般(Ban)8月(Yue)中(Zhong)旬(Xun)—10月(Yue)中(Zhong)旬(Xun),(?)由(You)于(Yu)花(Hua)期(Qi)长(Chang)达(Da)一(Yi)个(Ge)月(Yue)以(Yi)上(Shang),(?)致(Zhi)使(Shi)果(Guo)实(Shi)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)时(Shi)间(Jian)不(Bu)一(Yi)致(Zhi),(?)需(Xu)要(Yao)先(Xian)熟(Shu)先(Xian)采(Cai)收(Shou)。(?)果(Guo)实(Shi)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)后(Hou),(?)果(Guo)皮(Pi)会(Hui)由(You)褐(He)色(Se)变(Bian)为(Wei)深(Shen)褐(He)色(Se),(?)果(Guo)壳(Ke)坚(Jian)硬(Ying),(?)果(Guo)皮(Pi)易(Yi)剥(Bao)离(Li),(?)此(Ci)时(Shi)种(Zhong)仁(Ren)饱(Bao)满(Man),(?)呈(Cheng)白(Bai)色(Se)或(Huo)乳(Ru)白(Bai)色(Se),(?)风(Feng)味(Wei)清(Qing)香(Xiang),(?)是(Shi)果(Guo)实(Shi)采(Cai)收(Shou)的(De)最(Zui)佳(Jia)时(Shi)期(Qi)。(?)
2.采(Cai)收(Shou)方(Fang)法(Fa)
澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)的(De)采(Cai)收(Shou)一(Yi)般(Ban)有(You)人(Ren)工(Gong)手(Shou)动(Dong)采(Cai)收(Shou)和(He)机(Ji)械(Xie)震(Zhen)动(Dong)采(Cai)收(Shou)法(Fa),(?)果(Guo)实(Shi)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)时(Shi),(?)宜(Yi)采(Cai)用(Yong)果(Guo)钩(Gou)逐(Zhu)个(Ge)将(Jiang)总(Zong)苞(Bao)剥(Bao)落(Luo)。(?)用(Yong)其(Qi)他(Ta)方(Fang)法(Fa)打(Da)落(Luo)熟(Shu)果(Guo)容(Rong)易(Yi)伤(Shang)到(Dao)果(Guo)树(Shu)枝(Zhi)叶(Ye),(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)次(Ci)年(Nian)的(De)产(Chan)量(Liang);(?)使(Shi)用(Yong)机(Ji)械(Xie)采(Cai)收(Shou):(?)采(Cai)收(Shou)前(Qian)两(Liang)周(Zhou)对(Dui)果(Guo)树(Shu)喷(Pen)施(Shi)500倍(Bei)液(Ye)乙(Yi)烯(Xi)利(Li)催(Cui)熟(Shu),(?)然(Ran)后(Hou)用(Yong)适(Shi)当(Dang)机(Ji)械(Xie)震(Zhen)动(Dong)枝(Zhi)干(Gan),(?)使(Shi)熟(Shu)果(Guo)掉(Diao)落(Luo),(?)用(Yong)乙(Yi)烯(Xi)利(Li)会(Hui)导(Dao)致(Zhi)叶(Ye)片(Pian)早(Zao)期(Qi)脱(Tuo)落(Luo),(?)并(Bing)一(Yi)定(Ding)程(Cheng)度(Du)会(Hui)影(Ying)响(Xiang)果(Guo)树(Shu)的(De)生(Sheng)长(Chang)。(?)
二(?)、(?)澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)的(De)加(Jia)工(Gong)
工(Gong)艺(Yi)流(Liu)程(Cheng):(?)
带(Dai)夹(Jia)坚(Jian)果(Guo)→脱(Tuo)果(Guo)夹(Jia)→带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)分(Fen)级(Ji)→带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)干(Gan)燥(Zao)处(Chu)理(Li)→贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)→破(Po)果(Guo)壳(Ke)→果(Guo)仁(Ren)分(Fen)级(Ji)→包(Bao)装(Zhuang)。(?)
1.果(Guo)园(Yuan)收(Shou)集(Ji)带(Dai)夹(Jia)果(Guo)壳(Ke)
澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)因(Yin)各(Ge)种(Zhong)品(Pin)种(Zhong)不(Bu)同(Tong),(?)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)时(Shi)间(Jian)存(Cun)在(Zai)差(Cha)异(Yi),(?)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)带(Dai)夹(Jia)果(Guo)会(Hui)陆(Lu)续(Xu)掉(Diao)落(Luo)地(Di)面(Mian),(?)应(Ying)在(Zai)果(Guo)实(Shi)掉(Diao)落(Luo)后(Hou)每(Mei)2—3天(Tian)收(Shou)集(Ji)一(Yi)次(Ci),(?)果(Guo)实(Shi)收(Shou)集(Ji)后(Hou),(?)将(Jiang)混(Hun)入(Ru)的(De)石(Shi)子(Zi)空(Kong)果(Guo)落(Luo)叶(Ye)等(Deng)杂(Za)物(Wu)请(Qing)理(Li)干(Gan)净(Jing),(?)后(Hou)运(Yun)送(Song)至(Zhi)加(Jia)工(Gong)厂(Chang)进(Jin)行(Xing)下(Xia)一(Yi)步(Bu)加(Jia)工(Gong)。(?)
2.脱(Tuo)果(Guo)夹(Jia)
刚(Gang)收(Shou)获(Huo)的(De)成(Cheng)熟(Shu)坚(Jian)果(Guo)果(Guo)夹(Jia)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)约(Yue)35%—45%,(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)约(Yue)23%—25%,(?)应(Ying)在(Zai)24小(Xiao)时(Shi)内(Nei)去(Qu)果(Guo)夹(Jia),(?)如(Ru)果(Guo)不(Bu)能(Neng)在(Zai)24小(Xiao)时(Shi)内(Nei)去(Qu)果(Guo)夹(Jia),(?)必(Bi)须(Xu)把(Ba)带(Dai)夹(Jia)果(Guo)放(Fang)在(Zai)通(Tong)风(Feng)干(Gan)燥(Zao)的(De)地(Di)方(Fang)晾(Liang)晒(Shai),(?)但(Dan)不(Bu)能(Neng)直(Zhi)接(Jie)置(Zhi)于(Yu)阳(Yang)光(Guang)下(Xia)暴(Bao)晒(Shai),(?)若(Ruo)带(Dai)夹(Jia)果(Guo)堆(Dui)放(Fang)在(Zai)一(Yi)起(Qi),(?)在(Zai)高(Gao)温(Wen)高(Gao)湿(Shi)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)下(Xia)坚(Jian)果(Guo)容(Rong)易(Yi)发(Fa)酵(Jiao)腐(Fu)败(Bai),(?)影(Ying)响(Xiang)品(Pin)质(Zhi)。(?)
((?)1(?))(?)人(Ren)工(Gong)脱(Tuo)果(Guo)荚(Jia)法(Fa):(?)用(Yong)橡(Xiang)胶(Jiao)做(Zuo)垫(Dian)固(Gu)定(Ding)坚(Jian)果(Guo),(?)然(Ran)后(Hou)用(Yong)锤(Chui)敲(Qiao)击(Ji)使(Shi)果(Guo)皮(Pi)分(Fen)离(Li),(?)此(Ci)法(Fa)适(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)小(Xiao)规(Gui)模(Mo)种(Zhong)植(Zhi)园(Yuan),(?)优(You)点(Dian)是(Shi)果(Guo)皮(Pi)易(Yi)剥(Bao)落(Luo),(?)对(Dui)果(Guo)壳(Ke)伤(Shang)害(Hai)不(Bu)大(Da),(?)出(Chu)仁(Ren)率(Lu)高(Gao)品(Pin)质(Zhi)可(Ke)得(De)到(Dao)保(Bao)障(Zhang)。(?)
((?)2(?))(?)机(Ji)械(Xie)脱(Tuo)果(Guo)荚(Jia)法(Fa):(?)用(Yong)双(Shuang)螺(Luo)杆(Gan)式(Shi)脱(Tuo)荚(Jia)机(Ji),(?)在(Zai)机(Ji)械(Xie)摩(Mo)擦(Ca)及(Ji)压(Ya)力(Li)的(De)作(Zuo)用(Yong)下(Xia)使(Shi)果(Guo)皮(Pi)分(Fen)离(Li),(?)此(Ci)法(Fa)的(De)优(You)点(Dian)是(Shi)青(Qing)皮(Pi)易(Yi)脱(Tuo)离(Li),(?)工(Gong)效(Xiao)高(Gao),(?)适(Shi)用(Yong)于(Yu)大(Da)种(Zhong)植(Zhi)园(Yuan)。(?)采(Cai)用(Yong)此(Ci)法(Fa)应(Ying)把(Ba)弹(Dan)簧(Huang)压(Ya)力(Li)调(Diao)至(Zhi)最(Zui)佳(Jia)位(Wei)置(Zhi),(?)尽(Jin)量(Liang)不(Bu)伤(Shang)果(Guo)壳(Ke),(?)避(Bi)免(Mian)果(Guo)壳(Ke)破(Po)裂(Lie)后(Hou)影(Ying)响(Xiang)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)品(Pin)质(Zhi)。(?)
3.带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)的(De)筛(Shai)选(Xuan)分(Fen)级(Ji)
带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)用(Yong)筛(Shai)或(Huo)多(Duo)级(Ji)转(Zhuan)筒(Tong)式(Shi)分(Fen)级(Ji)机(Ji)进(Jin)行(Xing)分(Fen)级(Ji):(?)一(Yi)级(Ji)果(Guo)直(Zhi)径(Jing)≥27m(?)m(?),(?)二(?)级(Ji)果(Guo)直(Zhi)径(Jing)27m(?)m(?)>(?)D(?)≥24,(?)三(San)级(Ji)果(Guo)直(Zhi)径(Jing)24m(?)m(?)>(?)D(?)≥18。(?)要(Yao)求(Qiu)果(Guo)壳(Ke)表(Biao)面(Mian)光(Guang)滑(Hua)、(?)清(Qing)洁(Jie),(?)不(Bu)完(Wan)善(Shan)果(Guo)总(Zong)计(Ji)不(Bu)得(De)超(Chao)过(Guo)4%(?)。(?)
4.带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)的(De)干(Gan)燥(Zao)处(Chu)理(Li)
澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)脱(Tuo)去(Qu)果(Guo)荚(Jia)后(Hou),(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)23%(?)~(?)25%(?),(?)所(Suo)以(Yi)要(Yao)及(Ji)时(Shi)作(Zuo)干(Gan)燥(Zao)处(Chu)理(Li)。(?)正(Zheng)确(Que)的(De)干(Gan)燥(Zao)工(Gong)艺(Yi)及(Ji)时(Shi)间(Jian)才(Cai)能(Neng)获(Huo)得(De)耐(Nai)贮(Zhu)存(Cun)的(De)壳(Ke)果(Guo)和(He)好(Hao)品(Pin)质(Zhi)的(De)果(Guo)仁(Ren)。(?)
(1(?))自(Zi)然(Ran)风(Feng)干(Gan):(?)把(Ba)分(Fen)级(Ji)的(De)坚(Jian)果(Guo)摊(Tan)晾(Liang)在(Zai)钢(Gang)丝(Si)风(Feng)干(Gan)架(Jia)上(Shang),(?)摊(Tan)放(Fang)厚(Hou)度(Du)不(Bu)应(Ying)超(Chao)过(Guo)20cm,(?)每(Mei)天(Tian)翻(Fan)晾(Liang)几(Ji)次(Ci),(?)约(Yue)一(Yi)周(Zhou)后(Hou)摇(Yao)动(Dong)坚(Jian)果(Guo)可(Ke)听(Ting)到(Dao)果(Guo)仁(Ren)在(Zai)种(Zhong)壳(Ke)内(Nei)碰(Peng)击(Ji)声(Sheng)时(Shi),(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)约(Yue)在(Zai)10%(?),(?)可(Ke)供(Gong)短(Duan)期(Qi)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)和(He)销(Xiao)售(Shou)。(?)
(2)人(Ren)工(Gong)干(Gan)燥(Zao):(?)坚(Jian)果(Guo)产(Chan)量(Liang)较(Jiao)高(Gao)的(De)地(Di)区(Qu)宜(Yi)集(Ji)中(Zhong)加(Jia)工(Gong),(?)以(Yi)加(Jia)快(Kuai)干(Gan)燥(Zao)速(Su)度(Du),(?)达(Da)到(Dao)所(Suo)要(Yao)求(Qiu)的(De)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)。(?)目(Mu)前(Qian)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)加(Jia)工(Gong)厂(Chang)采(Cai)用(Yong)两(Liang)种(Zhong)干(Gan)燥(Zao)装(Zhuang)置(Zhi),(?) 其(Qi)原(Yuan)理(Li)是(Shi)把(Ba)坚(Jian)果(Guo)放(Fang)入(Ru)干(Gan)燥(Zao)箱(Xiang)或(Huo)干(Gan)燥(Zao)仓(Cang)内(Nei),(?)经(Jing)人(Ren)工(Gong)鼓(Gu)风(Feng)和(He)加(Jia)温(Wen)进(Jin)行(Xing)干(Gan)燥(Zao)。(?)为(Wei)了(Liao)保(Bao)证(Zheng)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)质(Zhi)量(Liang)及(Ji)延(Yan)长(Chang)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)的(De)贮(Zhu)存(Cun)时(Shi)间(Jian),(?)去(Qu)荚(Jia)后(Hou)的(De)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)干(Gan)燥(Zao)温(Wen)度(Du)应(Ying)按(An)下(Xia)述(Shu)步(Bu)骤(Zhou)进(Jin)行(Xing):(?) 摊(Tan)晾(Liang)((?)2-3 d)(?)→常(Chang)温(Wen)((?)2-3 d)(?)→38℃(?)((?)1-2 d)(?)→44℃(?)((?)1-2 d)(?)→50℃(?)((?)干(Gan)燥(Zao)到(Dao)所(Suo)要(Yao)求(Qiu)的(De)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)为(Wei)止(Zhi))(?)。(?)
5.带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)
带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)一(Yi)般(Ban)采(Cai)用(Yong)普(Pu)通(Tong)室(Shi)内(Nei)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)和(He)低(Di)温(Wen)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)。(?)在(Zai)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)过(Guo)程(Cheng)中(Zhong)要(Yao)避(Bi)免(Mian)壳(Ke)果(Guo)从(Cong)高(Gao)处(Chu)突(Tu)然(Ran)下(Xia)落(Luo),(?)因(Yin)为(Wei)剧(Ju)烈(Lie)碰(Peng)撞(Zhuang)会(Hui)使(Shi)果(Guo)仁(Ren)受(Shou)损(Sun),(?)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)在(Zai)10%(?)以(Yi)下(Xia)时(Shi),(?)允(Yun)许(Xu)下(Xia)落(Luo)的(De)高(Gao)度(Du)为(Wei)2 m。(?)
(1(?))普(Pu)通(Tong)室(Shi)内(Nei)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)法(Fa):(?)将(Jiang)干(Gan)燥(Zao)好(Hao)的(De)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)装(Zhuang)入(Ru)麻(Ma)袋(Dai),(?)置(Zhi)通(Tong)风(Feng)干(Gan)燥(Zao)背(Bei)光(Guang)处(Chu)贮(Zhu)存(Cun),(?)果(Guo)带(Dai)堆(Dui)垛(Duo)应(Ying)留(Liu)通(Tong)道(Dao),(?)距(Ju)离(Li)库(Ku)墙(Qiang)25-30 cm;(?)为(Wei)避(Bi)免(Mian)潮(Chao)湿(Shi),(?)地(Di)面(Mian)应(Ying)设(She)10 cm以(Yi)上(Shang)的(De)防(Fang)潮(Chao)层(Ceng)。(?)
(2)低(Di)温(Wen)贮(Zhu)藏(Cang)法(Fa):(?)把(Ba)带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)干(Gan)燥(Zao)至(Zhi)果(Guo)仁(Ren)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)<5%(?),(?)用(Yong)麻(Ma)袋(Dai)或(Huo)塑(Su)料(Liao)袋(Dai)包(Bao)装(Zhuang),(?)贮(Zhu)存(Cun)在(Zai)0-4℃(?)的(De)低(Di)温(Wen)冷(Leng)库(Ku)中(Zhong),(?)可(Ke)防(Fang)止(Zhi)因(Yin)油(You)脂(Zhi)氧(Yang)化(Hua)而(?)产(Chan)生(Sheng)的(De)酸(Suan)败(Bai),(?)保(Bao)存(Cun)期(Qi)可(Ke)达(Da)一(Yi)年(Nian)以(Yi)上(Shang)。(?)
6.破(Po)壳(Ke)果(Guo)((?)取(Qu)仁(Ren))(?)
破(Po)壳(Ke)取(Qu)仁(Ren)是(Shi)澳(Ao)洲(Zhou)坚(Jian)果(Guo)加(Jia)工(Gong)技(Ji)术(Shu)的(De)一(Yi)道(Dao)非(Fei)常(Chang)重(Zhong)要(Yao)的(De)工(Gong)序(Xu),(?)破(Po)壳(Ke)前(Qian)的(De)果(Guo)仁(Ren)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)一(Yi)般(Ban)控(Kong)制(Zhi)在(Zai)2%(?)~(?)5%(?)。(?)通(Tong)常(Chang)采(Cai)用(Yong)人(Ren)工(Gong)或(Huo)机(Ji)械(Xie)法(Fa)使(Shi)果(Guo)仁(Ren)和(He)果(Guo)壳(Ke)分(Fen)离(Li)。(?)
(1(?))人(Ren)工(Gong)法(Fa):(?)用(Yong)手(Shou)柄(Bing)摇(Yao)杆(Gan)压(Ya)力(Li)式(Shi)半(Ban)连(Lian)续(Xu)破(Po)壳(Ke)机(Ji),(?)压(Ya)果(Guo)时(Shi)应(Ying)注(Zhu)意(Yi)将(Jiang)腹(Fu)缝(Feng)线(Xian)与(Yu)刀(Dao)口(Kou)面(Mian)垂(Chui)直(Zhi)放(Fang)置(Zhi),(?)用(Yong)力(Li)均(Jun)匀(Yun),(?)切(Qie)忌(Ji)猛(Meng)压(Ya)或(Huo)多(Duo)次(Ci)连(Lian)压(Ya),(?)否(Fou)则(Ze)将(Jiang)影(Ying)响(Xiang)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)完(Wan)整(Zheng)率(Lu),(?)降(Jiang)低(Di)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)商(Shang)品(Pin)价(Jia)值(Zhi)。(?)
(2)机(Ji)械(Xie)法(Fa):(?)其(Qi)工(Gong)作(Zuo)原(Yuan)理(Li)是(Shi)用(Yong)一(Yi)把(Ba)固(Gu)定(Ding)刀(Dao),(?)一(Yi)把(Ba)旋(Xuan)转(Zhuan)刀(Dao),(?)在(Zai)一(Yi)定(Ding)的(De)腔(Qiang)里(Li)来(Lai)回(Hui)夹(Jia)迫(Po)果(Guo)壳(Ke),(?)使(Shi)果(Guo)壳(Ke)和(He)果(Guo)仁(Ren)分(Fen)离(Li)。(?)然(Ran)后(Hou)经(Jing)过(Guo)筛(Shai)、(?)拣(Jian)选(Xuan),(?)再(Zai)经(Jing)清(Qing)水(Shui)浮(Fu)选(Xuan),(?)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)干(Gan)燥(Zao)至(Zhi)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)1.5%(?)以(Yi)下(Xia),(?)才(Cai)适(Shi)于(Yu)贮(Zhu)存(Cun)或(Huo)以(Yi)后(Hou)的(De)焙(Bei)烤(Kao)。(?)
7.果(Guo)仁(Ren)分(Fen)级(Ji)
果(Guo)仁(Ren)分(Fen)为(Wei)三(San)级(Ji):(?)将(Jiang)干(Gan)燥(Zao)后(Hou)的(De)果(Guo)仁(Ren)置(Zhi)于(Yu)净(Jing)水(Shui)中(Zhong)浮(Fu)选(Xuan),(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)的(De)含(Han)油(You)量(Liang)≥72%(?),(?)在(Zai)密(Mi)度(Du)为(Wei)1.00 kg/(?)L 的(De)水(Shui)中(Zhong)漂(Piao)浮(Fu)的(De)果(Guo)仁(Ren)即(Ji)为(Wei)一(Yi)级(Ji)果(Guo)仁(Ren),(?)特(Te)征(Zheng)为(Wei)果(Guo)仁(Ren)丰(Feng)满(Man)、(?)浅(Qian)色(Se)、(?)基(Ji)部(Bu)光(Guang)滑(Hua),(?)烤(Kao)制(Zhi)后(Hou)呈(Cheng)亮(Liang)棕(Zong)黄(Huang)色(Se),(?)质(Zhi)地(Di)松(Song)脆(Cui),(?)有(You)柔(Rou)和(He)的(De)坚(Jian)果(Guo)香(Xiang)味(Wei);(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)含(Han)油(You)量(Liang)66%(?)-72%(?),(?)会(Hui)在(Zai)水(Shui)中(Zhong)下(Xia)沉(Chen),(?)应(Ying)在(Zai)密(Mi)度(Du)为(Wei)1.025 kg/(?)L的(De)盐(Yan)水(Shui)中(Zhong)漂(Piao)选(Xuan),(?)特(Te)征(Zheng)为(Wei)烤(Kao)干(Gan)果(Guo)仁(Ren)略(Lue)微(Wei)收(Shou)缩(Suo),(?)略(Lue)呈(Cheng)黑(Hei)色(Se),(?)加(Jia)工(Gong)质(Zhi)量(Liang)不(Bu)稳(Wen)定(Ding),(?)有(You)走(Zou)味(Wei)倾(Qing)向(Xiang),(?)质(Zhi)地(Di)松(Song)软(Ruan);(?)余(Yu)下(Xia)的(De)为(Wei)三(San)级(Ji)果(Guo)仁(Ren),(?)含(Han)油(You)量(Liang)50%(?)-66%(?),(?)特(Te)征(Zheng)为(Wei)烤(Kao)干(Gan)果(Guo)仁(Ren)小(Xiao)且(Qie)显(Xian)黑(Hei)色(Se),(?)质(Zhi)地(Di)较(Jiao)硬(Ying)或(Huo)粗(Cu)糙(Cao),(?)加(Jia)工(Gong)后(Hou)显(Xian)深(Shen)褐(He)色(Se),(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)坚(Jian)硬(Ying),(?)有(You)焦(Jiao)味(Wei)。(?)分(Fen)级(Ji)后(Hou)的(De)果(Guo)仁(Ren)需(Xu)再(Zai)干(Gan)燥(Zao)至(Zhi)含(Han)水(Shui)量(Liang)1.5%(?)左(Zuo)右(You),(?)才(Cai)能(Neng)贮(Zhu)存(Cun)或(Huo)进(Jin)一(Yi)步(Bu)加(Jia)工(Gong)。(?)
8.包(Bao)装(Zhuang)
(1(?))带(Dai)壳(Ke)果(Guo)包(Bao)装(Zhuang)
应(Ying)选(Xuan)用(Yong)牢(Lao)固(Gu)、(?)干(Gan)燥(Zao)、(?)清(Qing)洁(Jie)、(?)无(Wu)异(Yi)味(Wei)的(De)麻(Ma)袋(Dai)或(Huo)无(Wu)毒(Du)的(De)塑(Su)料(Liao)袋(Dai)包(Bao)装(Zhuang),(?)每(Mei)袋(Dai)净(Jing)重(Zhong)50 kg。(?)装(Zhuang)袋(Dai)后(Hou)应(Ying)立(Li)即(Ji)封(Feng)严(Yan),(?)并(Bing)标(Biao)明(Ming)重(Zhong)量(Liang)、(?)等(Deng)级(Ji)、(?)厂(Chang)家(Jia)等(Deng)。(?)
(2)果(Guo)仁(Ren)包(Bao)装(Zhuang)
果(Guo)仁(Ren)外(Wai)包(Bao)装(Zhuang)材(Cai)料(Liao)必(Bi)须(Xu)用(Yong)牢(Lao)固(Gu)、(?)干(Gan)燥(Zao)、(?)清(Qing)洁(Jie)、(?)无(Wu)异(Yi)味(Wei)的(De)纸(Zhi)箱(Xiang),(?)内(Nei)衬(Chen)用(Yong)无(Wu)毒(Du)的(De)锡(Xi)箔(Bo)塑(Su)料(Liao)袋(Dai),(?)内(Nei)放(Fang)入(Ru)小(Xiao)包(Bao)的(De)抗(Kang)氧(Yang)化(Hua)剂(Ji),(?)同(Tong)时(Shi)起(Qi)到(Dao)干(Gan)燥(Zao)作(Zuo)用(Yong)。(?)果(Guo)仁(Ren)批(Pi)量(Liang)销(Xiao)售(Shou)一(Yi)般(Ban)采(Cai)用(Yong)真(Zhen)空(Kong)包(Bao)装(Zhuang),(?)货(Huo)架(Jia)销(Xiao)售(Shou)通(Tong)常(Chang)采(Cai)用(Yong)充(Chong)氮(Dan)包(Bao)装(Zhuang)。(?)装(Zhuang)箱(Xiang)后(Hou)应(Ying)立(Li)即(Ji)封(Feng)严(Yan)、(?)捆(Kun)牢(Lao),(?)并(Bing)标(Biao)明(Ming)重(Zhong)量(Liang)、(?)等(Deng)级(Ji)、(?)厂(Chang)家(Jia)等(Deng)。(?)